目的　探讨硝酸羟胺急性中毒病理变化特点 ,为硝酸羟胺急性中毒的临床救治提供理论依据。方法　ICR雄性小鼠 ,体重 18～ 2 2g ,一次性腹腔注射 12 0mg/kg体重的硝酸羟胺 ,制作硝酸羟胺急性中毒小鼠模型 ,染毒 7d后处死 ,取主要脏器进行病理学检查。结果　以肺、肝脏损伤较重 ,表现为肺泡及其间质广泛出血 ,肝细胞严重变性、弥漫性水肿和气球样变。结论　肝脏和肺是硝酸羟胺急性中毒作用的靶器官 Objective To investigate the characteristics of pathological changes of hydroxylamine nitrate acute poisoning and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of hydroxylamine nitrate acute poisoning. Methods Male ICR mice weighing 18-222g were injected intraperitoneally with hydroxylamine nitrate at a dose of 120mg / kg body weight to prepare a mouse model of acute hydroxylamine nitrate poisoning. The mice were sacrificed 7 days after exposure and the major organs were taken for pathological examination. The results of lung and liver damage heavier, manifested as alveolar and interstitial extensive hemorrhage, severe degeneration of liver cells, diffuse edema and balloon-like changes. Conclusion The liver and lung are the target organs for the acute poisoning of hydroxylamine nitrate