自发现微生物产生抗生素,并由它的培养液中提出结晶或非结晶体的纯粹或粗制的抗生素后,创造了测定抗生素效能的方法:如琼脂划线稀释法,连续稀释法,牛津小杯法及混浊法。这些测定方法又促进了抗生素研究的发展,就是有计划地先测定各种微生物的抗菌性能,而后进入测定高等植物的抗菌 Since the discovery of microorganisms producing antibiotics and the extraction of pure or crude antibiotics, crystalline or amorphous, from their culture fluids, methods have been developed to determine the efficacy of antibiotics: eg, agar dilution method, serial dilution method, Oxford cup method Turbidity method. These methods of measurement have in turn promoted the development of antibiotic research by systematically determining the antibacterial properties of various microorganisms and then entering into the determination of the antibacterial properties of higher plants.