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[目的]探讨绝经后阴道出血患者的临床原因及病理情况,提高老年妇女的卫生保健水平。[方法]对某院2008年9月～2010年8月门诊及住院绝经后阴道出血患者的临床资料进行了回顾性分析。[结果]86例绝经后阴道出血患者的检查结果显示生殖系统炎性病变的患者所占比例明显高于其他的疾病,且差异具有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。53例生殖系统炎性病变中阴道炎26例(49.06%),慢性宫颈炎21例(39.62%),子宫内膜炎5例(9.43%),盆腔炎1例(1.87%)。其次是生殖系统肿瘤,本组病例中因肿瘤引起出血者13例,其中恶性肿瘤10例(76.92%),良性肿瘤3例(23.08%)。恶性肿瘤中子宫内膜癌4例(40.00%),卵巢恶性肿瘤3例(20.00%),宫颈癌2例(20.00%),外阴癌1例(10.00%),恶性肿瘤中子宫内膜癌占首位。恶性肿瘤所致的绝经后阴道出血发生率为11.63%。另外,从研究结果还可以看出随着患者的绝经年限延长和年龄上升,恶性肿瘤的发生率明显升高,且差异具有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);尤其绝经10年以上阴道出血者,应警惕恶性肿瘤的可能。[结论]绝经后子宫出血是一个危险的信号,要高度警惕有恶性肿瘤的可能,对每一个发生子宫出血的绝经妇女均应全面检查,避免漏诊、误诊。
[Objective] To investigate the clinical causes and pathological changes of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding patients and improve their health care. [Methods] The clinical data of outpatients and post-menopausal vaginal bleeding in a hospital from September 2008 to August 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. [Results] The examination results of 86 cases of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding showed that the proportion of patients with reproductive system inflammatory lesions was significantly higher than other diseases, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Vaginitis in 26 cases (49.06%), chronic cervicitis in 21 cases (39.62%), endometritis in 5 cases (9.43%) and pelvic inflammatory disease in 53 cases of reproductive system inflammatory lesions were found in 1 case (1.87%). Followed by the reproductive system tumors, the group of patients due to tumor-induced hemorrhage in 13 cases, of which 10 cases of malignant tumors (76.92%), 3 cases of benign tumors (23.08%). There were 4 cases of endometrial carcinoma (40.00%), 3 cases of ovarian cancer (20.00%), 2 cases of cervical cancer (20.00%), 1 case of vulvar cancer (10.00%), first place. Malignant tumor caused by postmenopausal vaginal bleeding was 11.63%. In addition, the results also can be seen with the patient’s menopause duration and age increased, the incidence of malignant tumors was significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); especially menopausal vaginal bleeding more than 10 years, Should be alert to the possibility of malignant tumors. [Conclusion] Uterine bleeding after menopause is a dangerous signal. It is necessary to be highly vigilant about the possibility of malignant tumor. Menopausal women who have uterine bleeding should be thoroughly examined to avoid misdiagnosis and misdiagnosis.