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通过研究葛根资源的遗传多样性和葛根表型性状与分子标记的关联分析,为葛根的分子育种和指纹图谱构建提供理论依据。鉴定分析了127份不同来源葛根资源的10个表型性状,并用ISSR标记研究127份葛根资源的遗传多样性,对ISSR标记与表型性状进行关联分析。表型性状鉴定结果显示葛根资源的10个性状变异大、多样性较好。利用ISSR标记获得多态性条带109条,平均每个引物扩增5.73条、平均Nei’s基因多样性0.2085、平均Shannon’s指数0.3378,最远遗传距离为0.46。ISSR分子标记聚类分析将127份资源聚为两大类,群体结构分析和PCo A分析结果类似将127份资源分为2个亚群。GLM分析发现3个与茸毛性状关联标记,MLM分析未发现与表型性状关联的标记。本研究收集的资源遗传多样性较好,葛根分子标记聚类结果与地域关系不大,综合GLM和MLM关联分析结果,本试验未发现与表型关联位点。
By studying the genetic diversity of Pueraria lobata and phenotypic traits of kudzu root and molecular markers, this study provides a theoretical basis for molecular breeding and fingerprinting of Pueraria. The phenotypic traits of 127 pueraria from different sources were identified and analyzed. ISSR markers were used to study the genetic diversity of 127 pueraria pallens and ISSR markers and phenotypic traits were analyzed. Phenotypic traits identification showed that the 10 traits of Pueraria lobata varied greatly and their diversity was good. The ISSR markers were used to obtain 109 polymorphic bands with an average of 5.73 per primer. The average Nei’s gene diversity was 0.2085, the average Shannon’s index was 0.3378 and the farthest genetic distance was 0.46. ISSR molecular cluster analysis clustered 127 resources into two categories. The analysis of population structure and PCoA analysis divided the 127 resources into two subgroups. GLM analysis found three markers associated with hairy traits, MLM analysis found no markers associated with phenotypic traits. The genetic diversity of the resources collected in this study is good, and the clustering results of Pueraria molecular markers are not related to the geographical area. Based on the correlation analysis between GLM and MLM, no association with phenotype was found in this study.