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目的探讨头颈部恶性肿瘤患者放疗致急性皮肤反应的影响因素,对主要相关因素进行分析。方法对92例接受放疗的头颈部恶性肿瘤患者进行研究,观察并记录每周放疗剂量、颈部皮肤反应情况、物理因素、药物因素、营养因素、体重指数(BMI)等12项临床指标,并进行单因素分析和多因素分析,筛选决定性影响因素。结果因素分析显示,药物因素、物理因素、营养因素和体重指数是急性放射性皮肤反应发生的影响因素,多因素分析显示:药物因素(OR=10.108,P<0.05)、物理因素(OR=0.254,P<0.05)、营养因素(OR=0.319,P<0.05)是急性放射性皮肤反应发生的独立影响因素。结论对于头颈部恶性肿瘤放疗的患者,物理因素、药物因素和营养因素为急性放射性皮肤反应的独立影响因素。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of acute dermal reaction induced by radiotherapy in patients with head and neck malignant tumor and to analyze the main related factors. Methods A total of 92 patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy were studied. Twelve clinical indexes including weekly radiotherapy dosage, neck skin response, physical factors, drug factors, nutritional factors and body mass index (BMI) were observed and recorded. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to screen the determinants. Results Analysis of the factors showed that drug factors, physical factors, nutritional factors and body mass index were the influencing factors of acute radiation-induced skin reactions. Multivariate analysis showed that: the drug factors (OR = 10.108, P <0.05) P <0.05). Nutritional factors (OR = 0.319, P <0.05) were independent influencing factors of acute radiation-induced skin reaction. Conclusion For patients with radiotherapy of head and neck malignant tumors, physical, pharmacological and nutritional factors are independent factors of acute radiation-induced skin reactions.