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本文基于南方五省稻农地块的微观数据,利用固定效应模型分析了地块特征对稻农农业机械利用的影响。地块特征通过4个方面影响农户农机利用:地块零碎化、土壤质量、基础设施便利性、地块来源。研究表明,地块面积越大,稻农越容易采用农机作业。土壤质量越差,越不利于稻农采用农机进行收割。相对于其他因素,地块基础设施对稻农是否采用农业机械生产的影响最大。如果地块灌溉条件不好或机耕路不便使得机器难以抵达田间,则农户使用机器耕整和收割的概率分别下降13.1和41.6个百分点。如果地块是从市场租入,则农户采用农机作业的概率增加。
Based on the micro-data of rice-agriculture plots in five southern provinces, this paper analyzes the effects of landforms on the utilization of rice agricultural machinery by using the fixed-effects model. The characteristics of land parcel affect the utilization of farm machinery by four aspects: land parcel fragmentation, soil quality, infrastructure convenience, and land source. Research shows that the larger the land area, the easier it is for rice farmers to use agricultural machinery. The worse the soil quality, the less conducive to rice farmers to harvest agricultural machinery. Compared with other factors, the land parcel infrastructure has the greatest impact on rice farmers in adopting agricultural machinery. If poor irrigation conditions in the plots or inconveniences to the plowed roads made it difficult for the machines to reach the fields, the probability of farmers using the machinery for tilling and harvesting would have dropped by 13.1 and 41.6 percentage points respectively. If plots are leased from the market, the probability of farmers using agricultural machinery increases.