“名教”与“自然”是魏晋时期重要的哲学概念,对二者各自内涵及其关系的探讨是魏晋玄学的重要主题,其中包含了有无之辨、体用之辨等哲学命题,不仅代表魏晋玄学哲学本体论的发展高峰,亦包含深刻的伦理意蕴。名教与自然之辨与魏晋时期社会政治背景相互影响,旨在思考士人的生活方式与社会秩序之间的关系,关注儒家的纲常教化与知识分子苦闷心态之间的紧张与一致。虽然各阶段的玄学家们思想不尽相同,后者不断否定批判前者,但他们的思考倾注着深刻的人文关怀,其共同目的都在于建立起一个合理有效的道德体系。 “Mingjiao ” and “Nature ” are the important philosophical concepts of the Wei and Jin Dynasties. The discussion of their respective meanings and their relations is an important theme of Metaphysics in the Wei and Jin dynasties. Differentiating and other philosophical propositions not only represent the peak of the ontology of metaphysics of metaphysics in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, but also contain profound ethical implications. The relationship between Confucianism and nature and the social and political backgrounds in the Wei and Jin Dynasties interacted each other. The purpose was to think about the relationship between intellectual life style and social order, and pay attention to the tension and consistency between the Confucian anomaly and the boredom mentality of intellectuals. Although the metaphysicians at different stages have different ideas, the latter denies and criticizes the former. However, their thinking is devoted to profound humanistic concern. Their common goal is to establish a reasonable and effective moral system.