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【目的】研究PubMed数据库撤销论文总体情况和学术影响,以期提高科研工作者对撤销论文现象的认识和警惕。【方法】提取PubMed中截至2015年5月12日所有被撤销论文的时间、第一作者国别、来源期刊等。【结果】检索到撤销论文3676篇,主要集中在美国、日本、中国、德国和印度。2013年较2000年全球撤销论文数增加约25倍,撤销率增长约12.5倍。我国2013年撤销论文数较2004年增长7倍多。论文撤销后仍会被引用,期刊影响因子主要介于1.0~3.0。【结论】虽然撤销论文具有一定时滞性,但越来越多的论文被撤销在一定程度上遏制了学术不端行为。学术环境的净化需要研究者、编辑部、数据库出版商及相关科研部门等同仁的共同努力与探索。
【Objective】 To investigate the general situation and academic influence of PubMed database in order to improve the awareness and vigilance of researchers on revoked dissertations. 【Method】 All the articles of PubMed which were withdrawn as of May 12, 2015, the first author’s country and the source journals were extracted. 【Result】 3676 articles were retrieved, mainly in the United States, Japan, China, Germany and India. The number of global canceled papers in 2013 increased by about 25 times over 2000, and the revocation rate increased by about 12.5 times. The number of dismissed papers in 2013 in China increased more than 7 times from 2004. The dissertation will still be quoted after its revocation. The influential factors of journals mainly range from 1.0 to 3.0. 【Conclusion】 Although the withdrawal of dissertation has a certain time lag, more and more dissertations have been withdrawn to a certain extent to curb academic misconduct. The purification of the academic environment requires the joint efforts and exploration of researchers, editorial staff, database publishers and other relevant scientific research departments.