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采用田间试验与生化分析相结合的方法,研究了不同氮、磷、钾肥施用量对春玉米产量及叶片光合特性的影响。研究结果表明:当N、P2O5、K2O用量分别为240、150和240 kg/hm2时,玉米的产量、叶绿素含量和叶面积指数、叶片的光合速率、气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度等光合特性均处于最高水平,缺乏或过量的氮、磷、钾供应均不利于春玉米产量和光合性能的提高。由此得出以下结论:适宜的氮、磷、钾肥用量能够在春玉米生育前期提高其叶面积指数和光合色素含量以及光合速率等光合特性,在生育后期能延缓叶面积指数的衰退和光合色素含量的降低,使得叶片具有较高的光合性能,从而促进了高产的形成。
The effects of different N, P and K fertilizer rates on the yield and leaf photosynthetic characteristics of spring maize were studied by field experiments and biochemical analyzes. The results showed that the photosynthetic characteristics of corn yield, chlorophyll content and leaf area index, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration of N, P2O5 and K2O were 240,150 and 240 kg / hm2, respectively Are at the highest level, the lack of or excess nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are not conducive to the supply of spring maize yield and photosynthetic properties. The conclusions are drawn as follows: The suitable nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can increase the photosynthetic characteristics such as leaf area index, photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic rate in the early growth stage of spring corn, retard the decline of leaf area index and photosynthetic pigment The decrease of content makes the leaves have higher photosynthetic properties, which promotes the formation of high yield.