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目的掌握2012年沈阳地区手足口病病原体特征,为手足口病的预防和控制提供科学的依据。方法采用实时荧光RT-PCR法对2012年采集的566份临床诊断手足口病患者的粪便标本,同时检测肠道病毒通用型、EV71型和CoxA16型特异性核酸。结果 566份粪便标本中,肠道病毒通用核酸阳性509份,阳性率89.93%,其中CoxA16阳性292份,占57.37%,EV71阳性129份,占25.34%,CoxA16和EV71双重感染12份,占2.36%,其他未分型肠道病毒76份,占14.93%。33份重症患者标本,32份为阳性,其中EV71阳性25份,占78.12%,CoxA16阳性5份,占15.63%,其他未分型肠道病毒2份,占6.25%。手足口病发病5月-7月占87.23%,1岁~4岁儿童占79.76%,男女比例为1.74∶1。结论 2012年沈阳地区手足口病病原以CoxA16为主,重症病例以EV71为主,5月-7月为发病高峰,1岁~4岁儿童是感染的主要人群。
Objective To grasp the characteristics of pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shenyang in 2012 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Real-time fluorescent RT-PCR was used to detect 566 stool samples collected from patients with hand-foot-mouth disease in 2012 and detect all enterovirus-specific, EV71-type and CoxA16-specific nucleic acids simultaneously. Results Among 566 stool specimens, 509 were positive for enterovirus. The positive rate was 89.93%, of which 292 were positive for CoxA16 (57.37%), 129 were EV71 (25.34%), and 12 were CoxA16 and EV71 (2.36) %, Other non-parting enterovirus 76, accounting for 14.93%. Of the 33 critically ill patients, 32 were positive, of which 25 were EV71, accounting for 78.12%, 5 were positive for CoxA16, accounting for 15.63%, and 2 were other non-parting enterovirus, accounting for 6.25%. Hand-foot-mouth disease onset in May-July accounted for 87.23%, 1-year-old children accounted for 79.76%, the male-female ratio was 1.74: 1. Conclusion The prevalence of HFMD in Shenyang in 2012 was mainly CoxA16. The severe cases were EV71, and the peak was from May to July. The children aged 1 to 4 years old were the major infectious groups.