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目的:了解心力衰竭(心衰)患者合并睡眠呼吸暂停发生情况和临床特点。方法:对符合入选标准的126例心衰患者以睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)≥10为界值,分为心衰合并睡眠呼吸暂停组和心衰不合并睡眠呼吸暂停组,进行病史采集及多普勒超声心动图、睡眠呼吸监测等。结果:90例心衰合并睡眠呼吸暂停组中有32例(36％)为心衰合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停,58例(64％)为心衰合并中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停。心衰合并睡眠呼吸暂停组较不合并睡眠呼吸暂停组睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数、血氧饱和度、低氧指数和鼾声指数均有显著性差异(P<0．05-0．001)。结论:心衰患者合并睡眠呼吸暂停较常见,肥胖、习惯性打鼾、高血压病史和夜尿次数增多者易合并睡眠呼吸暂停。习惯性打鼾、高血压病史和夜尿次数增多是心力衰竭患者合并睡眠呼吸暂停的独立危险因素。
Objective: To understand the incidence and clinical features of patients with heart failure (HF) complicated by sleep apnea. Methods: One hundred and sixty-six patients with heart failure who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups according to the sleep apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥10: heart failure with sleep apnea and heart failure without sleep apnea, And Doppler echocardiography, sleep and breathing monitoring. Results: Thirty-two patients (36%) with heart failure and sleep apnea were heart failure complicated with obstructive sleep apnea and 58 patients (64%) with heart failure accompanied by central sleep apnea. There were significant differences in apnea-hypopnea index, oxygen saturation index, hypoxia index and snore index between patients with and without sleep apnea in sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome group (P <0.05-0.001). Conclusion: Patients with heart failure complicated by sleep apnea are more common, obesity, habitual snoring, history of hypertension and nocturnal enuresis are more likely to be associated with sleep apnea. Habitual snoring, hypertension and nocturnal urination increased the number of patients with heart failure is an independent risk factor for sleep apnea.