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视交叉是视觉传导道路上的一个重要部位,该部位病变将出现明显的视野障碍或偏盲.1884年Vossius首先发现垂体瘤压迫视交叉可以引起双颞侧视野缺损,学者们对其发生机理进行了深入探讨.1948年Traquair提出:肿瘤压迫视交叉引起的视野障碍主要是压迫了视交叉的血管,影响了该部位的血液供应,而不是直接压迫视交叉的神经纤维而起的.外科手术解除压迫后病人视野迅速恢复支持了他们的观点.北京协和医院1978～1984年共检查眼科各类患者10300人次,其中鞍区病变影响视交叉功能者约2400人,占颅内视通路病变首位,对鞍区肿瘤实施切除术或化疗后部分患者的视交叉功能迅速改善至完全恢复.以上材料说明视交叉早期的功能障碍主要是由于血液供应障碍所致,而早期去除病变视功能可以恢复,此观点目前似被大多数学者承认.有关视交叉的血管国内外研究不多,某些区域尚有争议,作者整理国内外有关方面的研究成果,综述如下.
The optic chiasm is an important part of the visual conduction pathways, the obvious visual field defect or hemianopia will appear in the lesions.Vossius first discovered in 1884 that pituitary tumor compression optic chiasm can cause bilateral temporal visual field defects, and the mechanism of its occurrence In 1948 Traquair proposed: tumor compression optic chiasm caused by visual field disorders mainly oppression of the blood vessels of the optic chiasm, affecting the blood supply to the site, rather than directly oppression of the optic nerve fiber optic cross from the surgeon to lift the oppression. After the patient’s vision quickly restored their point of view.Beijing Union Medical College Hospital from 1978 to 1984 examined a total of 10300 various types of ophthalmology patients, including saddle area lesions affect the function of the optic chiasm of about 2400 people, accounting for the first intracranial pathological lesions, the saddle District tumor surgery or chemotherapy in some patients after the rapid improvement of the function of the optic chiasm completely restored.The above materials illustrate the early dysfunction of the optic chiasm is mainly due to blood supply disorders caused by the early removal of lesions visual function can be restored, It seems that most scholars admit that the blood vessels related to optic chiasm are not much studied at home and abroad, Controversial, the authors organize research results relevant parties, are summarized below.