一、前言随着石油工业不断发展及石油需要量不断增长,密封滑动轴承牙轮钻头是石油工业的急需关键设备,目前国内石油钻头的生产设备已不能满足发展的需要,研究牙轮钻头磨削工艺,对开发石油资源具有重大意义。据资料介绍,在这方面有较高水平的美国休斯(Hughes)、史密斯(Smith)、赛克瑞斯特(Seorest)三家公司,已改变过去加工方法,采用数控机床和专用的加工中心机床,合并多道工序,减少装夹次数,提高工效及加工精度。大跑道精磨工序采用套磨方法,个别公司采用整体全套磨,作为提高磨削效率和精度的措施。全套磨磨削工艺是目前比较先进的加工方法,也是当前发展的趋势。目前,国内有关牙轮钻头制造厂生产石油钻头的工艺及设备不够理想,存在工序分散、精度难控制、用内圆砂轮磨削时砂轮磨耗大、生产率低及钻头寿命短等缺陷,与国外同类产 I. Introduction With the continuous development of petroleum industry and the increasing demand for oil, the sealed sliding bearing roller cone bit is an urgent need for the petroleum industry equipment, the current domestic production of oil drilling equipment can no longer meet the needs of development, research roller cone bit grinding Process, the development of oil resources of great significance. According to the information, there are three high-level companies such as Hughes, Smith and Seorest in the United States that have changed their past processing methods and adopted CNC machine tools and special machining centers , Merge multi-channel process, reduce the number of clamping, improve work efficiency and machining accuracy. Large runway grinding process using set grinding method, individual companies use the whole set of grinding, grinding efficiency and accuracy as a measure to improve. Grinding a full set of grinding process is more advanced processing methods, but also the current trend of development. At present, the technology and equipment for the production of oil drill bit in the domestic cone bit manufacturing plant are not ideal enough, and there are some defects such as the scattered process, the difficult control of precision, the abrasion of the grinding wheel with the internal grinding wheel, the low productivity and short bit life, Production