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近一个世纪来,美国的工农业生产和科学技术获得迅速发展,一直处于世界领先地位,受到人们的注目。我们认为美国发展科学技术发展的经验有以下四个方面值得研究: 一、重视产业部门的科技工作,充分发挥经济与科技相互促进的作用。两次大战后,美国在发展科技中,重视工业化的研究,力图取得经济效益。特别是六十年代以来,为使技术科学与基础科学平衡,专门建立了工程科学院,政府通过立法手段,采取了各种保护科学技术发展的政策措施,近年还建立了总统法规放宽特别小组,签署了包括研究发展税收贷款在内的经济复兴税收法令,进一步加速了折旧时间,维护大私人企业用政府研究经费取得专利权的权利,消除企业参与国家重大项目的主要障碍,刺激企业对研究发展的
In the past century, the industrial and agricultural production and science and technology in the United States have enjoyed rapid development and have always been in a leading position in the world and attracted the attention of people. We believe that there are four aspects that the U.S. experience in developing science and technology deserves to be studied: First, to attach importance to science and technology work in the industrial sector and give full play to the role of economy and science and technology in promoting each other. After the Second World War, the United States placed great emphasis on industrialization in the development of science and technology and sought to achieve economic benefits. Especially since the 1960s, in order to balance the technical science with the basic sciences, the Academy of Engineering has been specially established. The government adopted various legislative measures to protect the development of science and technology. In recent years, the government has also set up a special group to relax the presidential regulations and sign Economic Rehabilitation Tax Decree including research and development of tax loans, accelerating the depreciation time, safeguarding the right of large private enterprises to obtain patent rights through government research funding, eliminating the main obstacles for enterprises to participate in major national projects and stimulating the development of enterprises for research and development