探讨乙酰肝素酶（Hpa）和D240在儿童甲状腺癌（年龄≤18岁）中的表达及临床意义。方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测儿童甲状腺癌与成人甲状腺癌中Hpa和D240的表达情况。结果 Hpa和D2-40在儿童甲状腺癌及成人甲状腺癌中均呈高表达，且两种蛋白在儿童甲状腺癌中的表达均与淋巴结转移程度密切相关，其中Hpa的表达还与肿瘤组织类型有关，但与年龄、性别和是否侵犯包膜无关。结论 Hpa和D2-40在儿童甲状腺癌中高表达，且与淋巴结转移密切相关，因此可作为儿童甲状腺癌患者生物学特征的指标。 To investigate the expression and clinical significance of heparanase (Hpa) and D240 in children with thyroid cancer (age ≤18 years). Methods The immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of Hpa and D240 in thyroid cancer and adult thyroid cancer in children. Results Hpa and D2-40 were highly expressed in both children with thyroid cancer and adult thyroid cancer, and the expression of both proteins in children with thyroid cancer were closely related to the degree of lymph node metastasis. The expression of Hpa was also related to the type of tumor, However, age, gender and whether the violation of the envelope has nothing to do. Conclusions Hpa and D2-40 are highly expressed in children with thyroid cancer and are closely related to lymph node metastasis. Therefore, Hpa and D2-40 may be used as indicators of the biological characteristics of children with thyroid cancer.