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19世纪末20世纪初在俄罗斯文学史上是承前启后的时代。一个个现代主义文学流派如象征主义、阿克梅主义、未来主义相继崛起,在俄国文坛上刮起了一阵强劲的风潮。在这一风潮的影响之下,传统现实主义一统天下的文学格局被打破。面对现代主义文学的冲击,现实主义一方面积极继承19世纪经典现实主义的优秀传统,另一方面推陈出新、与时俱进,从现代主义文学中吸取有用的养料,仍然还是一个强大和富有影响力的文学流派。现实主义和现代主义作为当时最强大的两股文学思潮相互斗争,同时又吸取对方的优点,相互影响、渗透。
The late 19th and early 20th centuries in the history of Russian literature is an era of past and present. A genre of modernist literature, such as symbolism, Akmemism and futurism, have risen one after another, blowing a strong wave in the Russian literary arena. Under the influence of this trend, the literary pattern of the traditional realism dominated the world was broken. In the face of the impact of modernist literature, on the one hand, realism actively inherits the fine tradition of classical realism in the 19th century. On the other hand, it is still a powerful and influential one to innovate and advance with the times and to draw useful nourishment from modernist literature Literary genre. Realism and modernism fought against each other as the two most powerful literary currents of thought at that time, at the same time drawing on each other’s advantages and influencing each other.