油橄榄是一种高产优质的木本油料树种,在我省引种已有十多年的历史。目前已在大江南北,北至云台山麓墟沟,南到宜溧山区试种。幼树陆续开始开花结果。在密植(每亩约90株)的条件下,10—13年生幼树,单株结实最多的可达20—30斤。引种的可能性和高产的潜力,引起了各级领导和广大群众的注意。 在无产阶级文化大革命和批林批孔运动的推动下,我省的试种单位已经发展到30余处,並开展了育苗工作。各地一些场圃、社队都积极进行引种育苗,为大力发展油橄榄准备苗木。今年全省育莳可达15万株以上。超过以往引种十多年来育苗的总数。 总结以往引种试栽的实践,我省在栽培油橄榄上积累了以下几点经验: 一、选择冬季较暖、土壤轻松、阳光充足的环境 要使引进的新树种,尽快在生产上起作用,应该注意它的生态特性,並尽可能地种植在适宜的环境条件下。油橄榄是喜温的常绿阔叶树种,冬季严寒是它分布的一个限制因素。在原产地地中海区域夏旱冬湿,因此,它耐干旱力较强。油橄榄性喜质地轻松排水良好而富含钙质的土壤,也只有在疏松的土壤中,根系分布较深时,它的耐旱能力才能较充分的表现出来。光照对油橄榄的生长也是重要的。日照不足对植株的生长,对产量和含油量都有很明显 Olive is a high yield and quality of woody oil species, introduced in our province for more than 10 years of history. Now in the north and south of the river, north Yuntaishan Xugou ditch, south of Lixin Mountain try planting. Young trees have begun to flowering results. In close planting (about 90 per acre) under the conditions of 10 - 13 year-old sapling, up to 20-30 pounds per plant. The possibility of introduction and the potential for high yield have drawn the attention of leaders at all levels and the general public. Driven by the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution and the campaign to criticize the proletarian and proletarian movements, the cultivation units in our province have grown to more than 30 and seedling training has been carried out. Some local nurseries and communes and brigades and teams have actively introduced nursery plants and seedlings for the development of olive oil. This year the province will grow up to more than 150,000. More than the total number of seedlings introduced more than a decade ago. Summarize the practice of the introduction of planted plants in the past, our province has accumulated the following experience in the cultivation of olive: First, select the warmer winter, soil light, sunny environment to make the introduction of new species as soon as possible to play a role in the production should be Attention to its ecological characteristics, and planted as much as possible in the appropriate environmental conditions. Olive is a warm temperature evergreen broad-leaved species, cold winter is a limiting factor in its distribution. Summer drought in the Mediterranean region of origin wet, therefore, it is more resistant to drought. Olive sexual pleasure to easily drain well and rich in calcium-rich soil, and only in loose soil, the root distribution is deep, its ability to withstand drought can be more fully demonstrated. Light is also important for the growth of olive. Inadequate sunlight on plant growth, yield and oil content are obvious