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当今世界,超过60%的服务经济占比背后的真实内容是生产者服务为主的事实,即不是“生产什么”有了根本改变,而是物质产品“怎样生产”改变了。世界经济的高服务占比并不应成为中国各地简单地、笼统地、一味地发展本地服务业的动因。大国产业发展顺序与多数服务产品的“非贸易品”特征,决定了服务业的发展必须“因地制宜”:其对人口大国发展服务业在供给方面的约束是物质产品生产力基础和城镇化基础;在需求方面的约束是本地需求水平,本地城市化水平决定本地服务业发展的规模与速度,本地产业结构现状及其走势决定本地服务业发展的部门结构。只有具备足够的工业基础,才能形成与世界格局相似的高比重的生产者服务,以及高比重的服务业增加值。
In today’s world, the real content behind more than 60% of the service economy is the fact that producer services are the mainstay. That is, not a fundamental change has been made in what is being produced, but the material product “how to produce” has changed. The high service share of the world economy should not be the motivation for the development of local service industries simply, generally and blindly throughout China. The order of development of large-scale industries and the “non-tradable goods” of most service products determine that the development of service industries must “adapt to local conditions”: its development in populous countries restricts the supply of service industries as the basis for the productive forces of physical products and in the cities and towns The constraints on demand are the local demand level. The local urbanization level determines the scale and speed of the development of local service industry. The status of local industry structure and the sector structure that determines the development of local service industry depend on the trend. Only with sufficient industrial base can a high proportion of producer services similar to that of the world be formed, as well as a high proportion of added value added by the service industry.