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选取5种工矿废渣进行室内模拟试验,研究不同种类工矿废渣作为硅肥施用对土壤钙、镁、铁、铝释放的影响及其与硅素释放间的关系。结果表明:y=kxm方程可以很好地描述土壤钙、镁、铁、铝释放的动力学过程,Ca释放动力学方程yCa=kCaxmCa中的参数kCa与Si释放动力学方程ySi=kSixmSi中的参数kSi表现为极显著的直线正相关关系;钙镁累积释放量之和及铁铝累积释放量之和分别与硅素累积释放量呈极显著的幂函数正相关和直线正相关关系。施用废渣可降低土壤中铁、铝的活性,甚至可增加钙、镁的含量,从而在提高土壤供硅能力的同时起到改良土壤的作用,且高炉渣A和高炉渣F的施用效果要优于高炉渣B、粉煤灰H和金刚石矿渣J,是加工硅肥的适宜原材料。
Five kinds of industrial and mining waste slag were selected for indoor simulation test to study the effects of different types of industrial and mining waste residue on the release of calcium, magnesium, iron and aluminum in soil as the application of silicon fertilizer and its relationship with the release of silicon. The results show that the equation of y = kxm can well describe the kinetic process of Ca, Mg, Fe and Al release. The parameters of Ca release kinetic equation yCa = kCaxmCa and the parameters of Si release kinetic equation ySi = kSixmSi kSi showed a significant linear positive correlation; and the sum of the cumulative release of calcium and magnesium and the cumulative release of iron and aluminum, respectively, with the cumulative release of silicon showed a significant positive power function correlation and a positive linear relationship. The application of waste residue can reduce the activity of iron and aluminum in the soil, and even increase the content of calcium and magnesium, which can improve the soil while improving the silicon supply ability of the soil. The application effect of blast furnace slag A and blast furnace slag F is better than Blast furnace slag B, fly ash H and diamond slag J, is the appropriate raw material for processing silicon fertilizer.