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目的:分析养育人对婴幼儿自我帮助能力理解状况。方法:制定婴幼儿自助能力和促进自助能力方面的内容问卷,对上海市闵行区和崇明县7~24个月婴幼儿家庭养育人问卷。结果:1养育状态:单纯父母养育28.53%,单纯祖辈养育20.65%,共同养育50.82%,共同养育的家庭最高(均P<0.01)。2养育人理解状态:对自助能力项目判断优秀成绩仅6.52%(24/368),对促进自助能力项目判断优秀成绩仅12.77%(47/368),养育人对婴幼儿自助能力理解状况不佳(均P<0.01);3不同养育人理解状态:父母养育人对婴幼儿自助能力内容和促进婴幼儿自助能力内容的优秀人数均明显多于祖辈(均P<0.01)。结论:养育人对婴幼儿自助能力方面意识不佳,相对来说父母养育人对婴幼儿自助能力理解状况优于祖辈。
Objective: To analyze the situation of parental understanding of infant self-help ability. Methods: To develop a content questionnaire about self-help ability and self-help ability of infants and young children, questionnaire of 7-24 months infant and young family foster in Minhang District and Chongming County, Shanghai. Results: 1 Nurturing status: 28.53% of pure parental rearing, 20.65% of simple grandparental rearing, 50.82% of common rearing, and highest common family rearing (all P <0.01). 2 Foster understanding of the state: self-help ability to judge the outstanding performance of only 6.52% (24/368), to promote self-help ability to judge the outstanding achievement of only 12.77% (47/368), parenting ability to understand the self-help infants poor (All P <0.01); 3 Different parental understanding states: The number of excellent parental rearing children in self-help ability of infants and young children was significantly higher than that of ancestors (all P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Foster children have poor awareness of infant self-care ability. Relatively speaking, parent-foster parents have better understanding of infant self-help ability than their ancestors.