本组215例原发性纵隔肿瘤,男114例,女101例,均经术后病理证实。其中胸腺瘤51例,占23.7％;畸胎瘤50例,占23.3％;神经鞘瘤42例,占19.5％;胸骨后甲状腺15例,占7.0％;其它肿瘤53例占24.7％。手术切除率94.0％,单纯探查13例,占6.0％。术后死亡4例占1.9％。作者认为本病的诊断主要依靠X线、CT检查,临床症状和体征对鉴别诊断有重要意义。 This group of 215 cases of primary mediastinal tumors, male 114 cases, female 101 cases, were confirmed by pathology after surgery. Among them, 51 cases were thymoma, accounting for 23.7%; 50 cases were teratoma, accounting for 23.3%; 42 cases were schwannomas, accounting for 19.5%; 15 cases were poststernal thyroid, accounting for 7.0%; 53 cases were other tumors, accounting for 24.7%. The surgical resection rate was 94.0%, and 13 cases were simply probed, accounting for 6.0%. Postoperative deaths accounted for 1.9% in 4 cases. The author believes that the diagnosis of this disease mainly depends on X-ray and CT examination. Clinical symptoms and signs are important for differential diagnosis.