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没有一个人真正知道语言学习是怎么进行的。其实,学习语言行为的主要原因之一是人们能在脑际的检查、分析活动中增进顿悟。当前流行的两大理论和语言学及其他科学方面的大量研究成果使我们有可能来说明某些定能指导我们专业的原则。莱诺伯格、乔姆斯基和其他学者的著作强调在每个人的脑际存在一种习得语言的装置(device)。然而,记住这一点颇为重要:即使在儿童学习其本族语的时候,他还须身临此境:他听到富有意义的“人声”和别人对他发出的声音的反应。任何儿童的语言发展阶段似乎都是先天生就的,但是儿童们必须接受(听见)他们随即要进行检查、分析的基本资料(有意义的言语)。
No one really knows how language learning is going. In fact, one of the main reasons for studying language behavior is that people can improve their insight in brain examinations and analysis activities. The two prevailing theories and the large body of research in linguistics and other sciences make it possible to illustrate some of the principles that will guide our profession. The writings of Lennberg, Chomsky and other scholars emphasize the existence of a device in each individual’s brain that learns language. However, it is important to remember that even when a child learns his native language, he has to be at the scene: he hears the meaningful “human voice” and the reaction of others to his voice. It seems that any child’s stage of language development is born inborn, but children must accept (hear) the basic information (meaningful speech) they are about to examine and analyze.