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胎儿血清电泳时发现在白蛋白和α1-球蛋白之间有一种特殊的蛋白成分,称为甲种胎儿球蛋白,简称甲胎蛋白(AFP)。临床上可采用放射免疫法和火箭电泳法测定。甲胎蛋白测定目前已广泛应用于肝癌的早期诊断,近年来又发现在某些肝病、内胚窦瘤及胎儿畸形时,甲胎蛋白的测定也有很大意义。一、生理甲胎蛋白的合成胎儿体内的AFP于妊娠4～8周时主要由卵黄囊细胞合成,自妊娠8.5周后即逐渐减慢,至11.5周则合成很少,而后则逐渐由不成熟的肝细胞合成为主。随着胚胎的发育,卵黄囊退化、肝细胞渐趋成熟,血清中AFP
Fetal serum electrophoresis found in albumin and α1-globulin between a special protein composition, known as alpha fetoprotein, referred to as AFP (AFP). Clinically radioimmunoassay and rocket electrophoresis can be used. Alpha-fetoprotein determination has been widely used in the early diagnosis of liver cancer, and in recent years found that in some liver disease, endodermal sinus tumor and fetal malformations, the determination of alpha-fetoprotein is also of great significance. First, the synthesis of physiological alpha-fetoprotein AFP fetal body in the first 4 to 8 weeks of pregnancy when the yolk sac cells mainly from the synthesis of 8.5 weeks after pregnancy that is gradually slowed to 11.5 weeks then synthesized little, and then gradually from immature The main liver cell synthesis. With the development of the embryo, the yolk sac degenerated, the hepatocytes gradually matured, serum AFP