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探索了将概率安全评价(PSA)方法系统地应用于放射性物品运输的辐射风险评价,分析了高温气冷堆核电站示范工程(HTR-PM)新燃料元件公路运输的辐射风险。基于实际路况数据和可能的事故情景,选择货包辐射水平升高和临界两种事故工况进行了事故频率分析。分析表明:货包辐射水平升高事故的发生频率为4.21×10~(-7)(车·单次运输)-1;临界事故的发生频率低于1×10~(-13)(车·单次运输)-1,可不考虑其辐射后果。对事故后果估算的结果表明:货包辐射水平升高事故对应急人员造成的最大外照射剂量为0.55mSv,对附近公众造成的最大外照射剂量为4.55×10~(-3) mSv,其辐射影响是可接受的。总体辐射风险为1.24×10~(-10)人·Sv/(车·单次运输),其中撞击事故对风险的贡献最大。
This paper explores the radiation risk assessment of systematic application of probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) to the transport of radioactive materials and analyzes the radiation risks of HTR-PM fuel components on road transportation. Based on the actual traffic data and possible accident scenarios, the incident frequency analysis was conducted by selecting two cases of rising radiation level and critical accident conditions. The analysis shows that the incident frequency of package radiation level rise is 4.21 × 10 -7 (car · single transport) -1 and the critical accident frequency is less than 1 × 10-13 (car Single transport) -1, regardless of its radiation consequences. The result of the accident consequence estimation shows that the maximum external radiation dose caused by accidental emergency of personnel level is 0.55mSv and the maximum external radiation dose caused by nearby public is 4.55 × 10 ~ (-3) mSv. The radiation Impact is acceptable. The overall radiation risk is 1.24 × 10 -10 persons · Sv / (car · single transport), of which collision impact contributes the most to the risk.