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本文第一部分介绍了马尔库塞关于发达工业社会的“单面性”的基本论述。作者认为这一理论的提出,旨在揭露、批判当代资本主义采用新形式对人加强奴役与压抑,具有积极意义。但他站在弗洛伊德主义立场上,把资本主义的基本矛盾龟缩成人性的压抑与反压抑的矛盾,并把“单面性”看成是超社会制度的。第二部分分析了马尔库塞关于社会“单面性”根源的理论。认为其中提出了当代资本主义社会值得研究的新现象,所论不乏合理因素,具有现实感,但其基本结论与历史唯物主义相悖。第三部分论述了马尔库塞关于“单面社会”革命前景的理论。
The first part of this article introduces Marcuse’s basic discourse on “one-sidedness” in developed industrial society. The author believes that this theory is proposed to expose and criticize the contemporary capitalism to adopt a new form of human slavery and repression, with positive significance. However, he stood on the Freudian stand and deconstructed the fundamental contradictions of capitalism to the contradiction between repressive and anti-repressive humanity and treated “one-sidedness” as a super-social system. The second part analyzes Marcuse’s theory of the “one-sidedness” of society. It is considered that there is a new phenomenon worthy of study in contemporary capitalist society. There is no lack of reasonable factors and realistic feelings, but its basic conclusion runs counter to historical materialism. The third part discusses Marcuse’s theory of the revolutionary prospects of “one-sided society.”