地理,作为一门课程在中小学中独立开设,在西方国家中,从17世纪中期由大教育家夸美纽斯(J.A.Comenius)倡导起,已历300多年;在我国则始于19世纪末至20世纪初废科举、兴学堂之时,距今已近百年。总结近100年的历史,乃至300年的历史,地理教育的目的任务,约有以下几方面:首先是进行政治思想教育,其次是传授地理知识,三是发展学生的智力,四是培养学生的基本技能。地理一贯被视为政治思想性很强的课程之一。综 Geography, as a course, was independently established in primary and secondary schools. In the Western countries, since the mid-17th century, initiated by the great educator, JA Comenius, it has been more than 300 years; in our country, it began at the end of the 19th century. At the time of the abolition of imperial examinations and schools in the early 20th century, it was nearly 100 years ago. To summarize the history of nearly 100 years and 300 years of history, the purpose and task of geography education are as follows: The first is to conduct political and ideological education, the second is to impart geography knowledge, the third is to develop students’ intelligence, and the fourth is to cultivate students’ basic skills. Geography has always been regarded as one of the most politically ideological courses. Comprehensive