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20世纪70年代以来,英美马克思主义者发生了旷日持久的“马克思与正义”之争。争论双方主要围绕以下四个焦点问题展开:一是马克思如何理解正义?二是马克思认为资本主义剥削是正义的吗?三是马克思是根据正义批判资本主义的吗?四是马克思认为共产主义是一个正义的社会吗?争论双方都以马克思的经典文本为依据,却得出了迥然不同的结论,甚至出现了“马克思反对马克思”的混乱局面。研究表明,各执一端并不能把握马克思的正义理论,必须立足于整体性原则,对马克思正义理论进行立体式解读,否则就会使马克思正义理论支离破碎,从而扭曲马克思正义理论的整体性。
Since the 1970s, British and American Marxists have taken a protracted debate over “Marx and Justice.” The two sides of the debate mainly focus on the following four focuses: First, how does Marx understand justice? Second, does Marx think capitalism exploitation is just? Third, does Marx criticize capitalism according to justice? Fourth, Marx considers communism a Just society? Both sides of the debate, based on Marx’s classic texts, came to totally different conclusions and even appeared the chaotic situation of “Marx’s opposition to Marxism.” The research shows that one side of each executive can not grasp Marx’s theory of justice and the three-dimensional interpretation of Marx’s theory of justice must be based on the principle of unity. Otherwise, Marxist theory of justice will be fragmented and the integrity of Marxist theory of justice will be distorted.