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解放南京城、占领蒋介石的总统府,是解放战争中渡江战役彻底胜利的标志,是解放战争大转折的标志,也是蒋家王朝覆灭的标志,是中国近现代历史上极为重大的事件。最近,笔者采访了渡江战役解放军311团司令部书记何振茂,了解当时的作战情况。渡江战役时,何振茂担任中国人民解放军35军311团司令部书记——虽然他只有初一文化程度,但当时在团里也算个“知识分子”了。何振茂有一个极为可贵的习惯,就是及时地详细地写战地日记。据何振茂的记录和回忆,在渡江战役中,我35军的任务是在完成夺取江浦镇、浦镇和浦口之后,立即寻找船只渡江解放南京。1949年4月22日下午,35军首脑机关在浦口火车站开会,制订了“迅速渡江、占领南京”的作战方案。方案决定:为了解决渡江
The liberation of Nanjing City and the occupation of Chiang Kai-shek’s presidential palace are the hallmarks of the complete victory of the Battle of the Dujiang River during the War of Liberation. They are also the hallmarks of the great turning point of the Liberation War and the symbol of the collapse of the Chiang dynasty. They are an extremely important event in the modern history of China. Recently, the author interviewed HE Zhenmao, secretary of 311 Command Group of the People’s Liberation Army at the cross-river campaign, and learned about the current operational situation. At the battle of crossing the river, He Zhenmao acted as secretary of the 311th regiment of the 35th Army of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. Although he had only the first grade, he was also regarded as an “intellectual” in the regiment at the time. He Zhenmao has a very valuable habit of writing the field diary in time and in detail. According to He Zhenmao’s records and memories, in the battle of crossing the river, the task of our 35th Army was to find a ferry to liberate Nanjing immediately after the completion of the seizure of Jiangpu Town, Puzhen and Pukou. On the afternoon of April 22, 1949, the 35 military headquarters held a meeting at Pukou Railway Station and formulated a combat plan that “quickly crossed the river and occupied Nanjing.” Program decision: In order to solve the crossing of the river