生产关系不适应生产力,历来表现为生产关系处于落后状态,已往的历史事实证明了这一点.但是,当人类历史进到社会主义之后,却发生了新情况.社会主义国家在一定时期或一定范围内,发生了生产关系超越生产力发展水平的现象.比如,苏联在十月革命初期,由于某些原因,曾实行战时共产主义.取消商品交换,无偿地收集农民的余粮,不允许任何个体经济存在.这种战时共产主义生产关系是超越了苏联当时生产力水平的.我国在1958年人民公社化时,也一度犯了“超越”的错误,一平、二调、高指标和刮“共产风”.由于没有提高理论认识,在“文化大革命”期间,又重犯了“超越” 的错误.在农村一些地方搞“穷过渡”和割“资本主义尾巴”——取消自留 The fact that the relations of production are not suited to the productive forces has always been characterized by the backward relations of production relations and this has been proved by the historical facts of the past .However, new circumstances have taken place in the history of mankind after it entered into socialism.While the socialist countries have, for a certain period of time or within a certain range For example, in the early October Revolution, the Soviet Union practiced wartime communism for some reason, canceled the exchange of goods and collected the surplus grain of peasants at no-cost and did not allow any individual economy The communist relations of production during the war were beyond the level of the then productive forces of the Soviet Union.When the people communes in 1958, our country once made the mistake of “surpassing” In the absence of an increase in theoretical knowledge, the error of “surpassing” was repeatedly repeated during the “Cultural Revolution.” In some parts of the country, “poor transition” and “capitalist tail” were cut-off