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在微波辐照下,以硝酸银为银源,水为溶剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为稳定剂和还原剂,不加入其他还原剂的条件下,快速制备出纳米银胶体。利用紫外光谱法,对微波制备纳米银粒子的条件进行了一系列研究,得出了先40℃下预热15min,再微波辐照30min,微波功率为260W,AgNO3∶PVP=1∶3(质量比)为最佳制备条件。对制得的纳米银粒子进行了TEM、SPM、DTA表征,发现制得的纳米银粒子为球形粒子,粒径较小,且粒径分布较窄,为18~25nm。对PVP的作用机理研究认为:主要是由于Ag离子与PVP的配位作用和PVP的空间位阻效应,使得能够制备出纳米球形银粒子。
Under microwave irradiation, silver nitrate was used as silver source, water as solvent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as stabilizer and reductant. Nano-silver colloid was prepared rapidly without addition of other reducing agents. A series of studies on the preparation of nano-silver particles by microwave were carried out by UV spectroscopy. The results showed that pre-heating at 40 ℃ for 15min, microwave irradiation for 30min, microwave power 260W, AgNO3:PVP = 1: 3 Ratio) for the best preparation conditions. The prepared silver nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, SPM and DTA. The obtained silver nanoparticles were spherical particles with smaller particle size and narrower particle size distribution of 18-25 nm. The mechanism of action on PVP that: mainly due to the coordination of Ag ions and PVP and sterically hindered effect of PVP, making it possible to prepare a nano-spherical silver particles.