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目的研究深圳市宝安区诺如病毒感染性腹泻的相关危险因素,为制订预防控制策略提供依据。方法选取2013年2—5月治疗的腹泻患者78例,实验室确诊为诺如病毒感染的26例为病例组,其他非诺如病毒感染的腹泻患者52例为对照组。自行设计问卷,电话调查可能的发病危险因素,包括生活习惯、卫生习惯及饮食习惯3个方面。计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果两组生活用水类型、饮用水类型、生熟交替、饭前洗手、如厕后洗手、奶瓶消毒、病前7 d接触腹泻患者、喝生水、吃生冷食品等方面比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。吃海产品的患者病例组占50.0%,对照组占15.4%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应加强海产品中诺如病毒的监测。
Objective To study the risk factors associated with Norovirus viral diarrhea in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City, and to provide evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies. Methods Totally 78 patients with diarrhea treated from February to May 2013 were selected. Twenty-six patients were diagnosed as Norovirus infection in the laboratory and 52 patients were treated with other non-Norovirus infection diarrhea patients. Self-designed questionnaire, telephone survey of possible risk factors, including living habits, health habits and eating habits in three aspects. Measurement data using t test, count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results There was no significant difference in the types of domestic water, drinking water, alternating raw and cooked food, washing hands before meals, washing hands after using the toilet, sterilizing the bottle, contacting diarrhea patients for the first 7 days, drinking raw water and eating cold food Significance (all P> 0.05). The cases of eating seafood patients accounted for 50.0% of cases, control group accounted for 15.4%, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The monitoring of norovirus in seafood should be strengthened.