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目的分析2010~2012年甘肃省某县麻疹流行病学特征,为有效控制和消除麻疹提供依据。方法用Spss和Excel软件对2010~2012年该县麻疹发病资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2010~2012年该县共报告麻疹病例99例,发病率36.92/10万,其中2010年报告68例,发病率78.98/10万,4~6月为发病高峰,城区和乡镇发病率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.63,P>0.05);2011年报告31例,发病率34.06/10万,5~7月为发病高峰,城乡差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.06,P>0.05),2010年和2011年麻疹发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.98,P<0.01),2011年麻疹发病率低于2010年;2012年无麻疹病例报告。结论该县2010年和2011年麻疹发病率均明显高于其他地区,经麻疹强化免疫工作后,2012年未有麻疹病例报告,麻疹发病得到有效控制。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in a county in Gansu from 2010 to 2012 and provide evidence for effective control and elimination of measles. Methods Spss and Excel software were used to describe the epidemiological data of measles from 2010 to 2012 in this county. Results A total of 99 cases of measles were reported in this county from 2010 to 2012, with an incidence of 36.92 / 100 000, of which 68 cases were reported in 2010 and the incidence was 78.98 / 100 000. The peak incidence was from April to June. There was no difference in the incidence of urban and rural areas (Χ2 = 2.63, P> 0.05). There were 31 cases reported in 2011, the incidence rate was 34.06 / 100000. The peak incidence was found between May and July with no significant difference between urban and rural areas (χ2 = 2.06, P> 0.05) The incidence of measles in 2010 and 2011 was significantly different (χ2 = 15.98, P <0.01). The incidence of measles in 2011 was lower than that in 2010; no measles cases were reported in 2012. Conclusion The incidence of measles in the county in 2010 and 2011 were significantly higher than those in other regions. After measles immunization, no measles cases were reported in 2012 and the incidence of measles was effectively controlled.