【摘 要】
:
This study focuses on the temporal variation of dissimilarity in heat content (HC) anomalies in the upper 300 m of ocean (HC300A) in the equatorial Pacific (±10°N) and its response to the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The HC300A anomalies are deriv
【机 构】
:
Guy-Carpenter Asia-Pacific Climate Impact Centre,School of Energy and Environment,City University of
论文部分内容阅读
This study focuses on the temporal variation of dissimilarity in heat content (HC) anomalies in the upper 300 m of ocean (HC300A) in the equatorial Pacific (±10°N) and its response to the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The HC300A anomalies are derived from four ocean reanalyses that are commonly used in ENSO studies and are compared using a simple differencing method. The dissimilarity in HC300A is found to vary closely with the magnitude of ENSO (regardless of phase), meaning that it tends to be greater during strong ENSO events. However, the dissimilarity among ocean reanalyses persists after the event decays. This effect is more pronounced after strong events. The persistence of the dissimilarity after ENSO events is a result of a late maturation of the ENSO signal, its persistence, and the interruption of the signal decay due to follow-up ENSO events. The combined effect of these three factors slows down the decay of HC300A in the region and hence results in the slow decay of dissimilarity. It is also found that areas with a significant spread in vertical temperature profiles collocate with the ENSO signal during warm ENSO phases. Thus, differences in subsurface process reconstruction are a significant factor in the dissimilarity among ocean reanalyses during warm ENSO events.
其他文献
Fengyun-3E (FY-3E), the world\'s first early-morning-orbit meteorological satellite for civil use, was launched successfully at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on 5 July 2021. The FY-3E satellite will fill the vacancy of the global early-morning-orb
依据盆1井西凹陷东环带高精度三维地震资料解释成果,通过断裂平面、剖面特征、断裂体系及成因机理的研究,明确了盆腹区燕山期张扭性走滑断裂的发育.文中首次将盆腹区的走滑应力机制与盆缘造山带置于同一构造背景中研究.受克拉美丽主断裂右旋走滑应力机制影响,研究区沿Sylvester简单剪切模式中的R\'方向发育左旋走滑断裂,并派生出次级断裂,构成盆1井西凹陷东环带的莫北凸起、石东鼻凸等近NE向的燕山期张扭性走滑断裂体系,张扭性构造控制着盆腹区的油气成藏和富集.研究结果对盆缘造山带与盆内腹部区的构造演化和应力机制研
Satellite infrared (IR) sounder and imager measurements have become one of the main sources of data used by data assimilation systems to generate initial conditions for numerical weather prediction (NWP) models and atmospheric analysis/reanalysis. This pa
厚层砂岩油藏CO2驱时,重力超覆的形成会降低CO2纵向波及效率.为研究原油密度对重力超覆的影响规律和机理,采用长岩心超覆物理模型开展低压(10 MPa)和高压(20 MPa)条件下的CO2驱替实验,以岩心上下部位采收率差异和重力超覆准数表征重力超覆程度.结果 表明:随着油气密度差的增大,见气时岩心上部采收率占比增大,重力超覆加剧,导致岩心总体采收率降低;低压时,即使注气速度高于高压条件下,重力超覆准数因油气密度差值较大,也会高于高压条件下,重力超覆对采收率的影响更明显.对于原油密度较大的厚层砂岩油藏CO2
天然裂缝的发育不但改善了页岩储层的储集品质,也为开发阶段水力压裂形成大规模的缝网提供了有利条件.以黔北地区凤冈区块下志留统龙马溪组页岩为例,通过野外露头观测、岩心裂缝统计、含气性分析等方法,深入分析了研究区宏观裂缝发育特征和页岩气保存条件.结果 表明:龙马溪组页岩裂缝类型以构造裂缝为主;根据构造应力强弱、构造变形样式及裂缝发育类型等特征,将研究区构造保存有利区进一步划分为稳定区和弱变形区,稳定区地层变形较弱,构造主体为宽缓背斜和紧闭向斜,断裂不发育,裂缝多以非构造裂缝为主,致使页岩气自封闭性良好,有利气体
为满足地下储气库季节调峰“快进快出”及“多注多采”的要求,低渗气藏储气库井通常需要压裂改造.聚丙烯纤维具有握裹力强、弹性模量大、分散性佳的特点,在压裂液中添加聚丙烯纤维,可与支撑剂颗粒互绕形成网络结构,抵抗支撑剂回流.文中基于裂缝导流能力评价指标,从纤维网络形态、陶粒支撑剂大小、铺砂浓度、纤维与支撑剂的质量比和纤维长度等方面,设计出砂与不出砂2种实验,综合评价聚丙烯纤维网络抗支撑剂回流能力.结果 表明:选用长庆20/40目陶粒支撑剂、铺砂浓度12.6 kg/m2、纤维与支撑剂的质量比大于0.010、纤维长
文中针对南海东部惠州A油田开发中遇到的油层局部低幅度微构造预测不准确的难题展开研究,认为该问题与浅层粉砂质泥岩有关——研究区浅层粉砂质泥岩地震波速度相对泥岩更高,泥岩沉积背景下厚度变化频繁的粉砂质泥岩形成了“速度陷阱”.针对研究区测井声波数据浅层缺失而无法指导速度研究的问题,采用地震融合属性描述异常地质体平面分布,并进一步提出有限列举最优化层速度体建模时深转换方法予以解决.该方法在已知范围内等间隔给定有限个数的速度异常校正量,用于优化构造格架约束下的初始层速度模型,然后根据所选定标志层的误差变化趋势,确定
State-of-the-art coupled general circulation models (CGCMs) are used to predict ocean heat uptake (OHU) and sea-level change under global warming. However, the projections of different models vary, resulting in high uncertainty. Much of the inter-model sp
This paper reviews the progress in our understanding of the atmospheric response to midlatitude oceanic fronts and eddies, emphasizing the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension (KOE) region. Oceanic perturbations of interest consist of sharp oceanic fronts, temperat
致密砂岩油藏压裂水平井存在产能递减严重、整体采出程度低等问题.为提高压裂增产效果,文中从研究裂缝扩展规律及扩展形态入手,基于扩展有限元方法建立裂缝扩展数值模型,明确了天然裂缝发育及小水平应力差是形成复杂缝网的必要条件,阐述了密切割压裂改造技术在目标油藏的适用性.基于地质工程一体化思想,利用数值模拟方法,在保持压裂投入不变的前提下,对比不同裂缝参数组合方案的产油能力.结果 表明,“密切割+中低导流能力”的压裂设计方式,可有效提高单井产量.密切割压裂矿场试验表明,水平井压后初期日产油量为11.09 t,投产4