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一、果树蔬菜嫁接的历史 嫁接作为果树栽培的技术历史悠久,自古希腊时代就已开始。蔬菜的嫁接据说是荷兰首先进行的,不过日本也很快开始普及。1927年兵库县农户试验西瓜等葫芦科蔬菜的嫁接栽培,各地的试验场也进行了试验,几年后便开始推广(松山.1966)。1950年开始进行茄子嫁接在冬海红上的试验(山川.1982)。 1990年西瓜、黄瓜、甜瓜、番茄及茄子栽培面积的58％使用了嫁接苗,同1980年的调查相比;(一)由于育成了抗枯萎病品种,露地甜瓜的嫁接栽培减少。相反玻璃温室栽培的甜瓜、各种设施栽培的番茄、露地和地膜栽培的茄子、黄瓜,嫁接苗的使用面积增加;(二)购买嫁接苗数量急增,供应小型苗,希望全农式的幼苗嫁接苗增加;(三)甜椒、苦瓜部分采用嫁接苗栽培。
First, the history of fruit tree grafting As a fruit tree cultivation technology has a long history, since the ancient Greek era has begun. The grafting of vegetables is said to be the first in the Netherlands, but Japan soon became popular. In 1927, farmers in Hyogo experimented with the grafting and cultivation of watermelon and other cucurbits and vegetables. Experiments were also carried out in various experimental sites and the promotion was started in a few years (Songshan, 1966). The experiment of grafting eggplant on winter sea red began in 1950 (Shanchuan. 1982). Grafted seedlings were used for 58% of the cultivated area of watermelons, cucumbers, melons, tomatoes and eggplants in 1990 compared with the survey in 1980; (i) Grafted cultivation of open-celled melons was reduced because of resistance to fusarium wilt. On the contrary, melons cultivated in glasshouses, tomato cultivated in various facilities, open field and film-grown eggplants, cucumbers and grafted saplings increased their area of use; (2) The number of purchased grafted seedlings increased sharply, the supply of small seedlings Grafted seedlings increased; (C) pepper, bitter gourd part of the cultivation of grafted seedlings.