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以Ziolkowski提出的算法为基础,提出更为准确的气枪震源信号模拟模型。模型引入范德瓦尔斯方程和准静态开放式热力学系统,考虑了气体和水之间的热交换作用、枪口节流作用和气泡上浮因素,并讨论了海面反射对信号的影响,给出了模拟计算过程,最终获得了改进的气枪信号模拟模型。利用模型进行实验,结果表明:(1)海水温度与震源信号能量成正比,与子波信号的信噪比成反比;(2)海面反射造成的陷波效应受实际条件下的海面反射系数和震源沉放深度的影响;(3)气枪的工作压力较高,超出理想气体状态方程的适用范围,应用范式方程可提高模型准确度;(4)改进模型所模拟的气枪子波与气枪激发的实际子波十分吻合。能够精确模拟单枪信号的模型是研究和模拟气枪枪阵信号的基础。现有的大部分模型假设所产生气泡内的气体为理想气体,但由于气枪的工作压力很高,这种假设会导致一定的误差。为了能够精确地模拟气枪信号,在齐奥科斯基算法的基础上,应用范德瓦尔斯方程,建立了新的模型。模型中还引入了准静态开放式热力学系统,考虑了气体和水之间的热交换作用、枪口节流作用和气泡上浮因素,并讨论了海面反射对信号的影响。利用建立的模型进行实验发现:(1)海水温度与震源信号能量成正比,与子波信号的信噪比成反比;(2)海面反射造成的陷波效应受实际条件下的海面反射系数和震源沉放深度的影响;(3)气枪的工作压力较高,超出理想气体状态方程的适用范围,应用范式方程可提高模型准确度;(4)改进模型所模拟的气枪子波与气枪激发的实际子波十分吻合。这些都证明了本文提出的模型能够精确地模拟气枪单枪信号。
Based on the algorithm proposed by Ziolkowski, a more accurate air gun gun source signal simulation model is proposed. The model is introduced into the van der Waals equation and a quasi-static open thermodynamic system. Considering the heat exchange between gas and water, the muzzle throttling effect and bubble rising factor, the influence of sea surface reflection on signals is also given. Simulation calculation process, finally obtained an improved air gun signal simulation model. The experimental results show that: (1) The seawater temperature is proportional to the energy of the source signal and inversely proportional to the signal-to-noise ratio of the wavelet signal; (2) The notch effect caused by the sea surface reflection is affected by the sea surface reflection coefficient (3) The working pressure of the air gun is higher than the applicable range of the ideal gas equation of state, and the application of the equation equation can improve the accuracy of the model. (4) The modified air gun gun and air gun fire The actual wavelet is very consistent. Able to accurately simulate a single gun signal model is to study and simulate the gun gun array signal basis. Most of the existing models assume that the gas in the resulting bubble is the ideal gas, but this assumption can lead to some errors due to the high operating pressure of the gas gun. In order to be able to accurately simulate the airgun signal, a new model is established by applying the Van der Waals equation based on the Chiokoski algorithm. The model also introduces a quasi-static open thermodynamic system, taking into account the heat exchange between the gas and water, the muzzle throttling effect and the bubble rising factor, and discusses the influence of the sea surface reflection on the signal. The experimental results show that: (1) The seawater temperature is proportional to the energy of the source signal and inversely proportional to the signal-to-noise ratio of the wavelet signal. (2) The notch effect caused by sea surface reflection is affected by the sea surface reflection coefficient (3) The working pressure of the air gun is higher than the applicable range of the ideal gas equation of state, and the application of the equation equation can improve the accuracy of the model. (4) The modified air gun gun and air gun fire The actual wavelet is very consistent. All of these prove that the model proposed in this paper can accurately simulate air gun single shot signal.