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甘草有解毒、调和诸药的功用,常用作清热解毒,补气益脾胃,润肺去痰,调和诸药。现代医学用甘草作去痰剂,镇咳剂及甜味添加剂。自Revers1964年发表甘草提取物治疗胃溃疡有效,但有1/5病人会引起水肿和高血压的报导以来,对于甘草的药理和化学成分方面又进一步研究,认为甘草皂甙具有盐类皮质激素样作用和甘草酸具有抗炎作用。其药理作用还在继续研究中。本文就其主要化学成分方面作一综述:
Licorice has the functions of detoxification and reconciliation of various drugs. It is commonly used as a detoxifier, replenishing qi and benefiting the spleen and stomach, moistening the lungs and removing phlegm, and reconciling various drugs. Liquorice is used as a decontamination agent, antitussive agent and sweet taste additive in modern medicine. Since Revers published in 1964 that licorice extract was effective in treating gastric ulcers, 1/5 of patients reported edema and high blood pressure. Since further research has been conducted on the pharmacological and chemical components of licorice, it is believed that licorice saponin has a salt-like corticosteroid-like effect. And glycyrrhizic acid has an anti-inflammatory effect. Its pharmacological effects continue to be studied. This article reviews the main chemical components: