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通常认为,唐代的三省制是中国封建社会政治制度成熟的标志。本文在分析唐代三省制的建立、破坏和消解过程的基础上,认为唐代三省制之所以失败,主要原因在于:在君主专制和中央集权制度下,任何行政分权都是不可能的;在任人唯亲的人事制度下,三省制无法保证行政决策的科学性;三省之间互相制约导致政治系统内部的严重内耗,造成行政效率的低下;中央决策的“人治原则”造成决策和执行的脱节。
It is generally believed that the system of the three provinces in the Tang Dynasty marked the maturity of the political system in China’s feudal society. Based on the analysis of the process of establishment, destruction and elimination of the three provinces system in Tang Dynasty, this paper argues that the reason why the three provinces system failed in the Tang Dynasty is that: under the monarchy autocratic and centralized system, any administrative decentralization is impossible; Under the crony’s personnel system, the three-provincial system can not guarantee the scientific nature of administrative decisions; the mutual restraint among the three provinces leads to serious internal friction in the political system, resulting in low administrative efficiency; the “principle of the people’s rule” of the central government decision-making and implementation Out of touch.