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一、试验目的:沙冬青(Ammopipranthus mongolicus(M)、Cheng f.)在西北六省区,除地下水位较高、盐渍化较重的地方未见生长外,凡山前洪积、冲积扇、碎石河床、流动、半流动沙地,海拔2.000米以下的石质山坡,残山梁顶,黄土崖上均可见其零星生长或小片分布。为了探讨沙冬青在这种环境条件下还能正常生长发育的原因,我们以宁夏回族自治区中卫县红卫车站附近的冬青梁为试点,对沙冬青和当地仅有的柠条、钻天杨三个树种,进行了形态解剖和生理生态方面的分析研究。(一)试验点的自然条件:冬青梁位于腾格里大沙漠的南缘,包兰铁路中卫县红卫车站的南侧,属半荒漠地带。海拔约1,500米左右;年平均降水量213毫米,最少年分仅88毫米,年蒸发量3,000毫米;年平均气温9℃,绝对最高气温37℃,绝对最低-23℃,沙面最高温度达74℃;西北风为主,大于4.5米/秒的起沙风年平均在200天以上;地下水位极深。地类有:流动、半流动沙地,山麓洪积冲积砾质坡地,残山黄土丘陵,石质山地等。土壤多属淡栗钙土,PH8,碳酸钙反应强烈,土壤平均含水量1.82—1.91%;植物以柠条、毛条、狭叶锦鸡儿、毛头刺为主,并有骆驼蓬、草麻黄等;复盖度约30—40%,山前倾斜地带可达60%以上。
First, the purpose of the experiment: Ammopipranthus mongolicus (M), Cheng f. In the six provinces of Northwest China, in addition to high groundwater levels, salinization of heavy places no growth, where the alluvial fans, alluvial fans , Gravel river bed, mobile, semi-mobile sand, elevation of 2.000 meters below the rocky hillside, hillside beam, loess can be seen on the cliff sporadic growth or small pieces. In order to explore the reason that A. sojae can grow and develop normally in this kind of environmental conditions, we took Holly Beam near Hongwei Station in Zhongwei County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as a pilot to study the effects of A. sojae and the only Caragana korshinskii , Conducted morphological anatomy and physiological and ecological aspects of the study. (A) of the natural conditions of the test point: holly beam located in the southern edge of the Tengger Desert, Baolong Railway Zhongwei Hongwei station on the south side, is a semi-desert zone. About 1,500 meters above sea level; the average annual rainfall of 213 mm, the minimum annual only 88 mm, the annual evaporation of 3,000 mm; the annual average temperature of 9 ℃, the absolute maximum temperature of 37 ℃, absolute minimum -23 ℃, sand surface maximum temperature of 74 ℃; northwest wind dominated more than 4.5 m / s annual average annual winds in more than 200 days; groundwater depth. Land types are: mobile, semi-mobile sandy land, alluvial foothills alluvial gravel slopes, loess hill hills, rocky mountain and so on. Soil mostly belong to the light chestnut soil, PH8, calcium carbonate reacted strongly, the average soil water content 1.82-1.91%; plants with Caragana, tops, Caragana microphylla, hair prickly, and Peganum harmala, Ephedra ephedra ; Coverage of about 30-40%, up to 60% above the mountain slope.