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目的研究老年２型糖尿病患者的易患因素，为预防和干预提供依据。方法随机选择老年２型糖尿病新诊断病例６５例、医院对照７１例和人群对照６７例，进行频数匹配病例对照研究。结果糖尿病阳性家族史（ＯＲ＝５．４８）、腰臀比大（ＯＲ＝２．３３）、主食摄入量大（ＯＲ＝２．８６）、经常性肉类摄入（ＯＲ＝２．６１）、高血压（ＯＲ＝４．８３）和女性妊娠次数多（ＯＲ＝４．４６），以及休闲时体力活动（ＯＲ＝０． ４３）与 ２型糖尿病有显著性关联。结论 具有糖尿病家族史、肥胖、饮食高能量摄入、高血压和女性妊娠次数多等可能是老年２型糖尿病的危险因素；休闲时体力活动具有保护性作用。倡导健康的生活方式，有计划地实施人群干预策略，是老年２型糖尿病防治的重要措施。
Objective To study the risk factors of type 2 diabetes in the elderly to provide evidence for prevention and intervention. Methods A total of 65 new diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus in old age, 71 cases of hospital controls and 67 cases of population controls were randomly selected. A frequency-matched case-control study was conducted. Results The positive family history of diabetes mellitus (OR = 5.48), waist-hip ratio (OR = 2.33), major staple food intake (OR = 2.86), and regular meat intake ), Hypertension (OR = 4.83), and the number of pregnancies in women (OR = 4.46), and physical activity at leisure (OR = 0.43) were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion Family history of diabetes, obesity, high energy intake of diet, high blood pressure and multiple pregnancies of women may be the risk factors of type 2 diabetes in seniors. Physical activities at leisure have a protective effect. Advocating a healthy lifestyle and implementing a population intervention strategy in a planned manner are important measures for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes in the elderly.