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浮式生产储油卸油轮(FPSO)上的主要产液分离设备一般都是卧式三相分离器,随着接入新的边际油田开发,有必要对分离器进行升级改造以提高三相分离效果。卧式三相分离器存在内部结构简单、原油脱水效果差、脱出污水含油量高且不稳定等问题。通过分析分离器的内部流场和三相分离微观机理,并与高效分离器对比,认为目前的气液比可以具有较好的气浮效果,含水达到96%可以有效利用水洗功能提高油水分离速度。有针对性地对井液入口元件、整流元件、操作液位等进行改造、优化,延长三相分离器入口管线长度、增加均匀布液设施、升高堰板高度。采用FLUENT软件进行的CFD模拟结果表明,分离器内流速分布均匀、分界面波动较小、停留时间增加、分离效果好。现场应用结果也表明,分离器出水含油量平均值从改造前的217mg/L降至改造后的165mg/L,分离效率提高24%。
The main liquid separation units on the FPSO are generally horizontal three-phase separators. With the development of new marginal fields, it is necessary to upgrade the separators to improve the three-phase separation effect. The horizontal three-phase separator has the problems of simple internal structure, poor dehydration effect of crude oil, high oil content of outflowing sewage and instability. By analyzing the internal flow field of the separator and the micro-mechanism of the three-phase separation and comparing with the high-efficiency separator, it is considered that the current gas-liquid ratio can have a better flotation effect, and the water content of 96% can effectively utilize the water washing function to improve the oil-water separation speed . Targeted to the well fluid inlet components, rectifier components, such as the operation of the liquid level transformation, optimization, to extend the length of the three-phase separator inlet line to increase the uniform liquid facilities, raising the height of the weir. The CFD simulation results using FLUENT software show that the flow velocity distribution in the separator is uniform, the interface fluctuation is small, the residence time is increased, and the separation effect is good. The field application results also showed that the average water content of separator effluent dropped from 217mg / L before transformation to 165mg / L after transformation, and the separation efficiency increased by 24%.