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随着国家大比例尺地质调查(1∶50000)向特殊地质地貌区的开展,已有第四纪填图方法已不能满足覆盖区填图的实际需求,地质工作者面临着第四纪大比例尺填图“填什么、如何填”的问题。选取典型覆盖区——河套平原为研究区,以河流沉积理论为指导,通过钻孔揭露方法,建立了全新世以来的河流沉积体系,并以此作为区域地质图骨架,提出了河道亚相、堤坝亚相、泛滥平原亚相的填图单元,应用“逐步逼近原则”确定地质界线,划分出区内三期河道及其相应的沉积体系,解决了覆盖区第四纪地质调查中填图单元稀少,地质图表达单调的问题,为覆盖区第四纪地质调查提供了一套可行方案。
With the national large-scale geological survey (1: 50000) to the development of special geomorphological areas, the Quaternary method of mapping has been unable to meet the actual needs of the coverage area mapping, geologists face Quaternary large-scale filling Figure “fill what, how to fill ” problem. Taking the Hetao plain as the study area and taking the river depositional theory as the guide, we established the river sedimentary system since the Holocene through the method of borehole revelation. Based on this, we proposed the river subfacies, Embankment subfacies, floodplain subfacies mapping units, the application of “gradual approximation principle” to determine the geological boundaries, the division of the third phase of the river and its corresponding sedimentary system, to solve the quaternary geological survey coverage There are few units in the map and the monotonous geological map expresses a set of feasible solutions for the Quaternary geological survey in the coverage area.