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为研究玉米穗部性状对不同种植密度的遗传响应,以郑58和HD568为亲本构建的220个重组自交系群体为材料,于2014年春、2014年冬及2015年春分别在北京和海南进行3个种植密度的田间试验,调查玉米穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数等表型性状。利用SAS软件计算穗部性状的最优线性无偏估计值(BLUP),并采用完备区间作图法进行QTL定位。结果表明,在3个种植密度下共检测到42个QTL,单个QTL可解释4.20%~14.07%的表型变异。3个种植密度下同时检测到位于第2染色体上控制穗行数的QTL。2个种植密度下同时检测到4个与穗粗、穗行数和行粒数有关的QTL,其中第4染色体上1个与穗行数有关的主效QTL,在低、中种植密度下可分别解释表型变异的10.88%和14.07%。此外,在第2、第4和第9染色体上检测到3个同时调控不同穗部性状的QTL。研究结果表明玉米穗部性状在不同种植密度下的遗传调控发生变化,在不同密度下共同检测到的稳定QTL可应用于精细定位或开发玉米耐密性分子标记用于辅助育种。
In order to study the genetic response of maize ear traits to different planting densities, 220 recombinant inbred lines (Zheng 58 and HD 568) were used as materials in the spring, 2014 and spring 2015 respectively in Beijing and Hainan A planting density field trials were conducted to investigate phenotypic traits such as ear length, ear diameter, ear number, and grain number. SAS software was used to calculate the optimal linear unbiased estimate (BLUP) of panicle traits, and the QTL mapping was performed using complete interval mapping. The results showed that 42 QTLs were detected at three planting densities, and a single QTL explained 4.20% ~ 14.07% phenotypic variation. QTLs controlling the number of ear lines on chromosome 2 were detected simultaneously at three planting densities. Four QTLs related to ear diameter, ear number and row grain number were detected simultaneously at two planting densities. One main QTL on chromosome 4 was related to the number of ear rows, and under low and medium planting densities Explain the phenotypic variation of 10.88% and 14.07% respectively. In addition, three QTLs were detected on chromosomes 2, 4 and 9 to control different panicle traits at the same time. The results showed that the genetic regulation of maize ear traits varied under different planting densities. The stable QTLs detected at different densities could be applied to fine mapping or developing maize tight tolerance molecular markers for breeding.