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近年来，糖尿病（DM）患病率与日俱增，且并发症多。当DM患者伴发缺血性心肌病（IHD）时极易诱发心肌缺血/再灌注损伤（MI/RI），而氧化应激在MI/RI中发挥着关键作用。由于胰岛素抵抗诱发的脂质代谢紊乱、内皮细胞功能障碍以及脂联素抵抗会导致心肌细胞凋亡增多、细胞抗氧化防御系统减弱以及促存活细胞信号通路受损，致使糖尿病性心脏病患者更易发生MI/RI，最终导致心力衰竭。氧化应激的3个主要机制分别是：活性氧簇（ROS）和活性氮簇(RNS)以及解偶联的一氧化氮合酶（NOS）通过氧化/硝化反应干扰线粒体质量调控系统，在这篇综述中，我们将主要对氧化应激在DM发生的MI/RI中可能存在的作用机制进行探讨。
In recent years, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing with many complications. Myocardial ischemia / reperfusion injury (MI / RI) can be easily induced in DM patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (IHD), whereas oxidative stress plays a key role in MI / RI. Due to insulin resistance-induced dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction and adiponectin resistance lead to increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis, decreased cellular antioxidant defenses, and impaired viability of signaling pathways in viable cells, making it more likely that patients with diabetic heart disease will develop MI / RI, eventually leading to heart failure. The three main mechanisms of oxidative stress are: reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and uncoupled nitric oxide synthase (NOS) interfere with the mitochondrial mass-regulation system via oxidation / nitration reactions, In this review, we will mainly discuss the possible mechanism of action of oxidative stress in MI / RI.