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领导是由领导者、被领导者、环境三要素构成的社会组织系统。其中领导者、被领导者共同构成领导活动的主体,环境构成客体和外部条件。由此可见,领导科学不仅是领导者的科学,而且是被领导者的科学。但是当前有关被领导者行为规律的研究往往被作为领导科学的从属性、边缘性问题来对待,不被重视。在领导者与被领导者这一对矛盾主体中,领导者起着主导作用,被领导者起着基础性、源泉性的作用。两者构成一对互动关系。只重视对领导者行为规律的研究,不重视对被领导者行为规律的研究,这样的领导科学是不完整的,这样的领导理论指导下的领导实践是不平衡的。基于这一思考,下面笔者试对做一个有效的被领导者的若干原则性问题进行初步探究。
Leadership is a system of social organizations composed of leaders, leaders and environmental elements. Among them, the leader and the leader jointly form the main body of the leadership activity, and the environment constitutes the object and the external conditions. Thus, leading science is not only the leader’s science, but also the leader’s science. However, the current researches on the law of conduct of the leader are often ignored as the subordinate and marginal problems leading the science. In the contradictory subject of leader and being leader, the leader plays a leading role and the leader plays the basic and source role. The two constitute a pair of interactive relationship. Only pay attention to the study of the behavior of the leader, do not pay attention to the study of the behavior of the leader, such a leadership science is not complete, under the guidance of such leadership theory leadership practice is not balanced. Based on this thinking, I will try below to conduct an initial inquiry into some of the principled issues of being an effective leader.