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本文根据1980、1990和2000年的数据分析,发现在全球17个行业排名前12位的工业企业中,多元化企业数量逐步减少,而集中化企业数量逐步上升。这种由美国企业主导的从多元化到集中化的战略变革,促使企业经营业务集中并获得市场份额的增长和竞争力的提升。这种战略演变源于追求绩效、集中于企业核心能力和简化企业组织的需要。同时全球化竞争以及机构股东的力量迫使多元化企业转向集中化经营。
Based on the data of 1980, 1990 and 2000, we find that in the top 12 industrial enterprises in 17 industries in the world, the number of diversified enterprises is gradually decreasing while the number of centralized enterprises is gradually increasing. Such a diversified and centralized strategic change led by the U.S.-based enterprises has prompted enterprises to concentrate their business operations and gain market share and competitiveness. This strategic evolution stems from the pursuit of performance, focus on the core capabilities of enterprises and simplify the needs of business organizations. At the same time, the globalization of competition and the power of institutional shareholders have forced diversified businesses to shift to centralized operations.