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目的了解新疆大学维吾尔族和哈萨克族大学生营养状况,建立学校营养保健机制。方法采用随机抽样法抽取469名18～24岁大学生,测量身高、体质量,采用体质量指数、BMI指数等方法对新疆大学维、哈族大学生的营养状况进行分析。结果维、哈族大学生营养不良93人,占19.83%;超重、肥胖75人,占15.99%;男生营养不良17人,占3.62%,女生营养不良76人,占16.20%,男女营养不良率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=7.65,P<0.01)。维吾尔族营养不良81人占17.27%;超重、肥胖54人,占11.51%;男生营养不良16人,占3.41%,女生营养不良65人,占13.86%,哈萨克族营养不良12人,占2.56%,男女营养不良率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=6.46,P<0.01)。结论新疆大学维、哈族女学生营养不良与超重肥胖并存,营养不良率较高。营养不良率女生高于男生,超重和肥胖男生高于女生。应尽快对学生加强营养知识教育,推广营养早餐,合理调配膳食,提高大学生营养健康水平。高校应强化营养知识教育,在加强后勤管理与改善的同时,把提高学生食堂供餐的营养质量作为一项重要的工作来抓。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of Uygur and Kazak college students in Xinjiang University and establish a school nutrition and health care mechanism. Methods A total of 469 college students aged 18-24 years were enrolled in this study. Height and body mass were measured. The body mass index and BMI index were used to analyze the nutritional status of college students in Xinjiang Uygur and Kazaks. The results showed that there were 93 malnutrition college students in Han nationality, accounting for 19.83%; 75 overweight and obesity, accounting for 15.99%; 17 malnourished boys, accounting for 3.62%, 76 malnourished girls, accounting for 16.20% Statistically significant (χ2 = 7.65, P <0.01). Uygur malnutrition 81 people accounted for 17.27%; overweight, obesity 54 people, accounting for 11.51%; male malnutrition 16 people, accounting for 3.41%, 65 malnourished girls, accounting for 13.86%, Kazakh 12 malnutrition, accounting for 2.56% The differences in malnutrition rates between men and women were statistically significant (χ2 = 6.46, P <0.01). Conclusions The malnutrition and overweight and obesity coexist in Uyghur and Ha ethnic female students in Xinjiang University and the rate of malnutrition is high. Malnutrition rates are higher in girls than boys and overweight and obese boys are higher than girls. As soon as possible to strengthen nutrition education for students, promote nutritious breakfast, reasonable deployment of meals, improve nutrition and health level of college students. Colleges and universities should strengthen the nutrition knowledge education, improve logistics management and improvement at the same time, to improve the nutritional quality of student canteen meals as an important task to grasp.