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目的:为建立野鸡尾药材的质量标准,对其进行生药鉴定研究,并与易混品乌蕨进行比较。方法:采用生药学传统方法对药材进行性状鉴别、显微鉴别、薄层定性鉴别,并用扫描电镜观察孢子的形态。结果:确定野鸡尾根茎的性状鉴别特征、根茎与叶柄基部横切面的显微结构特征、粉末主要显微鉴别特征、薄层定性鉴别特征以及孢子在扫描电镜下的形态特征,并明确了野鸡尾与易混品乌蕨的主要区别是野鸡尾根茎与叶柄基部横切面中分体中柱为2个,乌蕨叶柄基部横切面维管束为1个;野鸡尾的孢子为四面体形,并可见三叉状裂隙,乌蕨的孢子正面观呈内凹形,背面观为椭圆形。结论:野鸡尾与乌蕨在性状鉴别、显微鉴别、薄层定性鉴别以及扫描电镜下的孢子形态方面均不同,本研究为鉴别2种药材以及野鸡尾质量标准的制订提供了实验依据。
OBJECTIVE: To establish the quality standard of wild cockroach medicinal herbs, and to study the identification of its crude drug, and to compare with the fermented fern. Methods: The traditional method of crude pharmacy was used to characterize, microscopically identify and qualitatively identify the medicinal materials. The spore morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: The characters of rhizomes were identified, the microstructure characteristics of rhizomes and petioles at the base of the rhizomes were analyzed, the main microscopic identification features of the rhizomes and the petioles, the qualitative identification of the lamellae and the morphological features of the spores under SEM. And easy to blend Wu fern main difference is the pheasant rhizome and petiole base transverse section of the split in the column for the two, Wu fern petiole base transverse section vascular bundle is 1; wild cockroach spore tetrahedron, and can be seen trigeminal Fracture, Wu fern spore positive view was concave, the back view of the oval. Conclusion: The results showed that there were differences in character identification, microscopic identification, TLC qualitative identification and spore morphology under scanning electron microscopy. The study provided experimental evidence for the identification of two kinds of medicinal materials and the formulation of the quality standard of wild cocks.