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目的探讨空巢家庭与核心家庭成员的心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法采用随机抽样与典型抽样相结合的方法抽取昆明市4个社区的空巢家庭和核心家庭成员,用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对其进行测评。结果空巢家庭成员的SCL-90总分及躯体化、强迫、抑郁和恐怖因子的得分高于核心家庭成员(P<0.05);女性的SCL-90总分及躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑和恐怖因子的得分高于男性(P<0.05);不同文化程度的家庭成员间的SCL-90总分及躯体化、抑郁、焦虑和恐怖因子的得分有统计学意义(P<0.05);患慢性病的家庭成员的SCL-90总分及各因子的得分均高于未患慢性病的家庭成员(P<0.05);伤残的家庭成员除偏执因子外,其余各因子及SCL-90总分得分均高于未伤残的家庭成员(P<0.05)。结论空巢家庭成员的心理健康水平低于核心家庭成员,性别、文化程度、慢性病、伤残等因素对家庭成员的心理健康有影响。
Objective To explore the mental health status and its influential factors of empty-nest families and core family members. Methods The empty-nest families and core family members from 4 communities in Kunming were selected by random sampling and typical sampling, and were evaluated by SCL-90. Results The scores of SCL-90, somatization, obsessive-compulsive, depression and terrorist in empty-nest family members were higher than those in core family members (P <0.05). Female SCL-90 scores and somatization, compulsion, depression and anxiety (P <0.05). SCL-90 scores and somatization, depression, anxiety and terror factors among family members with different education levels were statistically significant (P <0.05). The scores of SCL-90 and other factors of chronic disease family members were higher than those of non-chronic family members (P <0.05). In addition to the paranoid factors, all the disabled family members scored SCL-90 scores Were higher than those of non-disabled family members (P <0.05). Conclusion The mental health of empty-nest family members is lower than that of core family members. The factors such as gender, educational level, chronic illness and disability have an impact on the mental health of family members.