一、残余应力及其在转子锻件中的分布规律残余应力是内应力的一种。工件中的内应力可按不同的标准,分成许多类。首先,按内应力是只存在于某种工艺过程中还是在过程完结之后仍然被保留下来,可将其分为瞬时应力与残余应力。其次,按内应力平衡范围的不同可将其分为第一种内应力(平衡范围为整个工件或工件的宏观区域)、第二种内应力(平衡范围为几个晶粒或几个晶块)及第三种内应力(平衡范围为几百至几千个原子间距)。第三,对热处理件可按内应力形成原因的不同将其 First, the residual stress and its distribution in the rotor forging residual stress is a kind of internal stress. Internal stress in the workpiece according to different standards, divided into many categories. First of all, according to the internal stress exists only in a process or after the end of the process is still retained, it can be divided into instantaneous stress and residual stress. Second, according to the different internal stress balance range can be divided into the first internal stress (the balance of the entire workpiece or workpiece macro area), the second internal stress (the balance of several grains or several ingots ) And a third type of internal stress (the balance range is several hundred to several thousand atomic distances). Third, the heat treatment of internal stress can be formed by different reasons