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[目的]了解不同人群风疹免疫状况及国产风疹疫苗的免疫效应,为科学使用疫苗提供依据。[方法]采用ELISA法,检测深圳市盐田区部分孕妇、新生儿、<1岁儿童的风疹病毒特异性抗体IgG水平及1岁左右无风疹免疫史的儿童;观察国产风疹疫苗免疫前后IgG水平。[结果]风疹病毒IgG抗体阳性率:孕妇为87.9%,新生儿86.2%,婴儿3月龄75.0%,6月龄56.0%;国产风疹疫苗免疫成功率为96.1%。[结论]婴儿出生6个月后IgG抗体即下降至56.0%,母体抗体水平维持时间较短,说明低龄儿童和青少年是风疹疫苗接种的主要对象。国产风疹疫苗具有良好的免疫原性,能产生较好的免疫效应。
[Objective] To understand the immune status of rubella in different populations and the immunization effect of domestic rubella vaccine, and provide the basis for the scientific use of the vaccine. [Method] The ELISA method was used to detect the level of rubella virus specific IgG in some pregnant women, newborns and children <1 year old in Yantian District of Shenzhen City and the age of 1 year without rubella immunization. The IgG level before and after immunization of domestic rubella vaccine was observed. [Results] The positive rate of rubella virus IgG antibody was 87.9% in pregnant women, 86.2% in newborns, 75.0% in infants at 3 months and 56.0% at 6 months. The immunization success rate of domestic rubella vaccine was 96.1%. [Conclusion] After six months of birth, the IgG antibody decreased to 56.0% and the maternal antibody level maintained for a short time, indicating that young children and adolescents are the main targets of rubella vaccination. Domestic rubella vaccine has good immunogenicity, can produce better immune effect.